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Timeline Main Page Packrat Main Page
Sixth Crusade: 1225 to 1229 in a nutshell:
Frederick III crusades without papal support
Genghis Khan dies
Treaty between the HRE and Kurds recovers a part of Jerusalem
Kings of Jerusalem: Yolanda, Frederick II
Byzantine Emperors: Theodore Lascaris, John III Ducas
The Details:
1225 - The Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, Hermann von Salza, suggests Frederick II Hohenstaufen the Emperor of the HRE marries Yolande of Jerusalem, the daughter of regent King of Jerusalem John Brienne and Maria of Montferrat, receiving claim to Jerusalem. They were married November of 1225, at Brindisi. A very unhappy marriage as Frederick fooled around a great deal.
1227 Sep 8- Frederick finally takes off for the Crusades in Syria but is forced to return due to the plague, and he is excommunicated for breaking his vows not to crusade by Pope Gregory IX, although it is thought Gregory has lost patience the crusade would ever happen.
1227 - Ghenghis Khan dies.
1228 Jun 28- Frederick ignores the pope and leads the another Crusade, gets excommunicated a second time. Meanwhile, Yolande delivers a son, Conrad II, at seventeen and dies six days later, leaving Frederick without hope of becoming the King of Jerusalem.
1228 - Frederick arrives in Cyprus, stays the summer, and arrives in Acre in Sept, along with the news he has been excommunicated again. The Teutonics are allies while the Templars and the Hospitallers openly won't cooperate. Al-Kamil and Frederick had written back and forth, but at his arrival, al-Kamil was quite busy taming Damascus.
1229 Feb 18 - Frederick signed a ten year peace treaty with al-Kamil. The Christians get back all of Jerusalem except the Dome of the Rock, Nazareth, Sidon, Jaffa and Bethehem. Frederick is allowed to enter the city as king but not to rebuild the walls.
Conflicting stories: The Christians get back Bethlehem, Nazareth, the castles of Montfort and Toron, and a corridor running from Jerusalem to Jaffa, all of Jerusalem except the Dome of the Rock and the Mosque al-Aqsa, Moslems are free within the city, and all prisoners are returned.
1229 Mar 17 - Frederick enters the city. 18 - Frederick crowns himself King of Jerusalem in the Church of the Holy Seplucher, but is actually regent for his son Conrad II born 1228. Very few followers attend. 19 - Archbishop of Caesarea arrived, places the city under interdict. Furious, Frederick goes to Acre to confront the Patriarch to no avail and leaves Acre in May, returning home to a variety of charges including the wasting of an army.
1229 Aug - Frederick and Pope Gregory sign a peace treaty. Frederick proves a Crusade can be successful without actual wars or papal support.
1229 Nov - A ruthless inquisition starts in Toulouse to eliminate the rest of the Cathars
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