Ancestry trees list him as the son of Gloye May 1518-1560 and Elizabeth Henley 1520-1540.
Gloye was the son of Thomas May of Wadhurst 1492-1560 Ticehurst, Sussex and Margaret Whitfield 1494-1560
Elizabeth was the daughter of John Henley of Denby, 1490-1541 and Margaret Nichols
William the Conqueror's companion, "Old Roger" might very well be this Robert's grandson Roger (d 1130), but others believe it was an error and refers to this Robert, or his son.
A story told by a Dugdale refers to Robert Marmion having, by gift of the king, the Castle of Tamworth in the county of Warwick with territory adjacent. He expelled the nuns there and was advised by a veiled nun (in a dream?) to restore the Abbey of Polesworth or he would have an evil death, and disappeared. He restored the nuns out of pure fear. He had a wife names Milicent. His lands passed on to his son, Robert.
The second Robert Marmion was granted his father's castle at Tamsworth as well as free warren lands in Warwichshire, possessed the castle of Fontenai near Caen. This Robert married Maud de Beauchamp, thusly must be Robert Marmion died abt 1218. This Robert was my #5, Magna Charta Baron, Sheriff of Worcestershire, Justiciar.
The Robert Marmions listed on my pages agree with Paul Bailey's who received his information from "Ancestors of Deacon Edward Converse"
Willed his fief to William the Conqueror in 1061, should he die without issue. He died before his bride, daughter of the duke was of marriagable age. His aunt, Biota and her husband William of Mantes fought William for the claim but lost.
Master of Burgundy and Neustria. Refused crown of King of the West Franks
Duke of the Franks and count of Paris, son of King Robert I of France and nephew of King Odo. His eldest son was Hugh Capet who became King of France in 987.
Hugh's first wife was Eadhild, a sister of the English king, Athelstan. At the death of Rudolph, duke of Burgundy, in 936, Hugh was in possession of nearly all the region between the Loire and the Seine, corresponding to the ancient Neustria, with the exception of the territory ceded to the Normans in 911. He took a very active part in bringing Louis IV (d'Outremer) from England in 936, but in the same year Hugh married Hedwige, (who was daughter of King Henry I of Germany and sister of the emperor Otto the Great) and soon quarrelled with Louis.
Hugh even paid homage to Otto, and supported him in his struggle against Louis. When Louis fell into the hands of the Normans in 945, he was handed over to Hugh, who released him in 946 only on condition that he should surrender the fortress of Laon. At the council of Ingelheim (948) Hugh was condemned, under pain of excommunication, to make reparation to Louis. It was not, however, until 950 that the powerful vassal became reconciled with his suzerain and restored Laon. But new difficulties arose, and peace was not finally concluded until 953.
On the death of Louis IV, Hugh was one of the first to recognize Lothair as his successor, and, at the intervention of Queen Gerberga, was instrumental in having him crowned. In recognition of this service Hugh was invested by the new king with the duchies of Burgundy (his suzerainty over which had already been nominally recognized by Louis IV) and Aquitaine. But his expedition in 955 to take possession of Aquitaine was unsuccessful. In the same year, however, Giselbert, duke of Burgundy, acknowledged himself his vassal and betrothed his daughter to Hugh's son Otto. At Giselbert's death (April 8, 956) Hugh became effective master of the duchy, but died soon afterwards, on the 16th or 17th of June 956.
Resided in Great Waltham, Safron Walden, High Easter & Pleshey, Essex, England, Edmonton & Enfield, Middlesex, England, Sawbridgeworth, Hertford, England, Quarrendon & Amersham, Buckingham, England, Streatley, Berkshire, England, Long Compton, Warwick, England
Became the Sheriff of Middlesex and founded the Mandeville family.
~~~~He is only mentioned as one who rendered great aid in the decisive battle, and we find him in consequence rewarded with ample domains in England at the time of the great survey, amounting to one hundred and eighteen lordships in various counties, of which Walden, in Essex, was the chief seat of his descendants, who became the first Norman earls of that county in the reign of Stephen.
He was also the first Constable of the Tower of London after the Conquest, an office enjoyed by his grandson of the same name, which I mention on account of the interesting fact that, in the charter of the Empress Matilda, which confers this amongst many other honours bestowed upon him, the custody of the Tower of London is granted to him and his heirs, with the little castle there (described, in another charter as under it) which belonged to Ravenger.
This charter in which she creates Geoffrey de Mandeville (grandson of the companion of the Conqueror) Earl of Essex, is stated in a marginal note in Dugdale's Baronage to be "the most ancient creation charter which hath been ever known," and, I may add, for the numberless concessions and privileges recorded in it, the most remarkable.
To return to the first Geoffrey, we learn from his charter of foundation of the Benedictine Monastery of Hurley, in Berkshire, that he was twice married. His first wife Athelaise (Adeliza) being the mother of his heir William de Mandeville, and other children not named; and his second wife, Leceline, by whom he appears to have had no issue.
Mr. Stapleton, in his annotations to the Norman Rolls of the Exchequer, suggests that Adeliza, the first wife of Geoffrey, was sister to Anna, wife of Turstain Haldub, mother of Eudo al Chapel.
http://genealogy.patp.us/conq/mandevil.shtml
Geoffrey de Mandeville, 1st Earl of Essex (d. 1144) was one of the prominent players during the Anarchy of the reign of King Stephen of England. His biographer, the 19th-century historian J. H. Round, called him "the most perfect and typical presentment of the feudal and anarchic spirit that stamps the reign of Stephen."
He succeeded his father, William sometime before 1130. A key portion of the family patrimony was in the king's hands, as William had incurred Henry I's displeasure and lost them, along with his office as constable of the Tower of London. The king also held the substantial estate of Geoffrey's maternal grandfather Eudo Dapifer.
Geoffrey's goal in the early years of strife between Stephen and Maud seems to have to recover these losts lands. He succeeded in this, during the shifting tides of fortunes of the two competitors for the English throne, by bidding his support to first one, then the other.
He started out supporting Stephen, who sometime in 1140 (or perhaps December 1139) made him Earl of Essex in reward for his services against Maud. In 1140 or 1141 Stephen returned to him the seized estates in Essex. In 1141 he was also appointed custodian of the Tower of London.
After the defeat and capture of Stephen at Lincoln (1141) the earl, like many barons, acknowledged Maud as his sovereign lady. She confirmed his custody of the Tower, forgave the large debts his father had incurred to the crown, granted him the Norman lands of Eduo Dapifer, and appointed him sheriff of Essex, Middlesex and London, and Hertfordshire. But before the end of the year, learning that Stephen's release was imminent, he returned to his original allegiance. In 1142 he may have been intriguing with the empress; he rebelled when he was deprived of his castles by the king in 1143.
In 1143-1144 Geoffrey maintained himself as a rebel and a bandit in the fen-country, using the Isle of Ely and Ramsey Abbey as his headquarters. He was besieged by Stephen in the fens, and met his death in September 1144 in consequence of an arrow wound received in a skirmish.
His career is interesting for two reasons. The charters which he received from Stephen and Matilda illustrate the peculiar form taken by the ambitions of English feudatories. The most important concessions are grants of offices and jurisdictions which had the effect of making Mandeville almost a viceroy with full powers in Essex, Middlesex and London, and Hertfordshire--but these were based on offices and jurisdictions his ancestors had held. His career as an outlaw exemplifies the worst excesses of the anarchy which prevailed in some parts of England during the civil wars of 1140-1147, and it is probable that the deeds of Mandeville inspired the rhetorical description, in the Peterborough Chronicle of this period, when "men said openly that Christ and his saints were asleep."
Geoffrey married Rohese de Vere, daughter of Aubrey de Vere. He had four sons
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_de_Mandeville%2C_1st_Earl_of_Essex
Lands held in Domesday book: Long Compton http://www.infokey.com/Domesday/Warwickshire.htm
Questionable marriage was confirmed by Michel L. Call, chart 11441
William de Mandeville (died sometime between 1105 and 1116) inherited the estates of his father Geoffrey around 1100. He was constable of the Tower of London at that time, and thus keeper of the first person known to be imprisoned there for political reasons, Ranulf Flambard. Flambard's escape in February, 1101 would have significant consequences for William.
It is not known if William was in some way a confederate of Flambard, or was simply a lax guardian. Either way, king Henry I apparently took away the heart of William's Essex estates. Little is known of William's activities after this.
William probably married Margaret, daughter of Eudo Dapifer and Rohese de Clare. Their son Geoffrey would recover the seized estates, and gain much else besides.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_de_Mandeville"
King of Gwynedd 844-878
King of Powys 854-878
Son of Merfyn Frych Rhodri from Cunedda, grandson of Cadell Brochfael, king of Powys
He had 6 sons. b. ABT 789 r. Caer Seiont, Carnarvonshire, Wales d. 878, Anglesey, Wales
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
First Welsh king to receive the title "The Great"
Succeeded to Gwynedd at the death of his father Merfyn Frych
Succeeded to Powys at the death of his uncle, Cyngen ap Cadelll
Succeeded to Seisyllwg at the drowning of his wife's brother Gwgon in 871
Under attack from the Danes to the west and Saxons to the east
In 853 Burgred and Mercia joined forces with Athelwolf of Wessex in major
attack on Welsh, overran Powys but unable to defeat Rhodri and withdrew.
In 855 the first Viking attack on coast of Anglesey. Following year Rhodri
met Danish in battle and slew leader Gorm. The victory was celebrated across
Europe, all being under Viking attack. Vikings continued attacks on England
and Ireland, south Wales but left Anglesey alone, indicating Rhodri had
sufficient defenses for twenty years.
In 865 Burgred of Mercia attacked Anglesey again but withdrew because Vikings
were attacking Mercia.
In 877 the Danes raided Anglesey with a stronger base in Dublin and Western
Isles, Rhodri fled to Ireland. Rhodri returned following year to Gwynedd
to face attack from Ceolwulf II of Mercia, now a vassal for the Danes. Rhodri
died in the battle.
Rhodri must have had high level of strategic skills, command and support and loyalty to have sustained a successful kingdom for so many years.
Rhodri's three sons became a strong force by uniting their kingdoms:
Anaward (eldest) inherited Gwynedd, Anglesey, Powys.
Merfyn became sub king in Powys
Cadell became ruler of Seisyllwg.
According to legend, the first Dinefwr Castle was built by Rhodri Mawr - King of Wales in the 9th century. By 950 A.D., Dinefwr was the principal court from which Hywel Dda ruled a large part of Wales including the southwest area known as Deheubarth. His great achievement was to create the country's first uniform legal system.
It is unavoidable that attention should focus on those Welsh rulers who extended their power over much of Wales in the centuries prior to the Norman conquest. They foreshadowed the attempts by the princes of Gwynedd in the 13th century to create a unified Welsh state, and they matched contemporary developments in England, and similar, but later, developments in Scotland. So, Rhodri Mawr (844-78) is presented as one who set a pattern for the future. He either ruled or, by his personal qualities, dominated much of Wales.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Chroniclers of his generation hailed Rhodri ap Merfyn as Rhodri Mawr (Rhodri the Great), a distinction bestowed upon two other rulers in the same century - Charles the Great (Charlemagne, died 814) and Alfred the Great (died 899). The three tributes are of a similar nature - recognition of the achievements of men who contributed significantly to the growth of statehood among the nations of the Welsh, the Franks and the English. Unfortunately, the entire evidence relating to the life of Rhodri consists of a few sentences; yet he must have made a deep impression upon the Welsh, for in later centuries being of the line of Rhodri was a primary qualification for their rulers. Until his death, Rhodri was acknowledged as ruler of more than half of Wales, and that as much by diplomacy as by conquest.
Rhodri's fame sprang from his success as a warrior. That success was noted by The Ulster Chronicle and by Sedulius Scottus, an Irish scholar at the court of the Emperor Charles the Bald at Liege. It was his victory over the Vikings in 856 which brought him international acclaim. Wales was less richly provided with fertile land and with the navigable rivers that attracted the Vikings, and the Welsh kings had considerable success in resisting them. Anglesey bore the brunt of the attacks, and it was there in 856 that Rhodri won his great victory over Horn, the leader of the Danes, much to the delight of the Irish and the Franks.
It was not only from the west that the kingdom of Rhodri was threatened. By becoming the ruler of Powys, his mother's land, he inherited the old struggle with the kingdom of Mercia. Although Offa's Dyke had been constructed in order to define the territories of the Welsh and the English, this did not prevent the successors of Offa from attacking Wales. The pressure on Powys continued; after 855, Rhodri was its defender, and he and his son, Gwriad, were killed in battle against the English in 878.
~~~~~
Rhodri the Great a.k.a. Roderick the Great (in Welsh, "Rhodri Mawr") (c. 820–878) was the first ruler of Wales to be called "Great", and the first to rule most of present-day Wales.
The son of Merfyn Frych ap Gwriad king of Gwynedd and Nest ferch Cadell of the royal line of Powys, he inherited the kingdom of Gwynedd on his father's death in 844. When his uncle Cyngen ap Cadell ruler of Powys died on a pilgrimage to Rome in 855 Rhodri inherited Powys. In 872 Gwgon ruler of Seisyllwg in southern Wales was accidentally drowned, and Rhodri added his kingdom to his domains by virtue of his marriage to Angharad, Gwgon's sister. This made him the ruler of the larger part of Wales.
Rhodri faced pressure both from the English and increasingly from the Danes, who were recorded as ravaging Anglesey in 854. In 856 Rhodri won a notable victory over the Danes, killing their leader Gorm (sometimes given as Horm). Two poems by Sedulius Scotus written at the court of Charles the Bald, king of the Western Franks, celebrate the victory of "Roricus" over the Norsemen.
In 877 Rhodri fought another battle against the Norse invaders on Anglesey, this time being forced to flee to Ireland. On his return the following year, he and his son Gwriad were said to have been killed by the English, though the precise manner of his death is unknown. When his son, Anarawd ap Rhodri won a victory over the Mercians a few years later, it was hailed in the annals as "God's vengeance for Rhodri".
His son Cadell ap Rhodri conquered Dyfed, which was later joined with Seisyllwg by Rhodri's grandson Hywel Dda to become Deheubarth. Like his grandfather, Hywel would come to rule to bulk of Wales.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodri_the_Great
Duke of France and Burgundy, Marquis of Orleans, Count of Amiens, Chaumont, Paris, Valois, and Vermandois.
A leader of the 1st Crusade
Son to King Henry I of France and Anne of Kiev, and the younger brother of King Philip I of France. He was in his own right Count of Vermandois. William of Tyre called him "Hugh Magnus", Hugh the Great, but he was an ineffectual leader and soldier, great only in his boasting. Indeed, Sir Steven Runciman is certain that "Magnus" is a copyist's error, and should be "minus", "the younger" (referring to Hugh as younger brother of the King of France).
In early 1096 Hugh and Philip began discussing the First Crusade after news of the Council of Clermont reached them in Paris. Although Philip could not participate, as he had been excommunicated, Hugh was said to have been influenced to join the Crusade after an eclipse of the moon on February 11, 1096.
That summer Hugh's army left France for Italy, where they would cross the Adriatic Sea into territory of the Byzantine Empire, unlike the other Crusader armies who were travelling by land. On the way, many of the soldiers led by fellow Crusader Emicho joined Hugh's army after Emicho was defeated by the Hungarians, whose land he had been pillaging. Hugh crossed the Adriatic from Bari in southern Italy, but many of his ships were destroyed in a storm off the Byzantine port of Dyrrhachium. Hugh and most of his army was rescued and escorted to Constantinople, where they arrived in November of 1096. Prior to his arrival, Hugh sent an arrogant, insulting letter to Emperor Alexius I, demanding that Alexius meet with him: "Know, O King, that I am King of Kings, and superior to all, who are under the sky. You are now permitted to greet me, on my arrival, and to receive me with magnificence, as befits my nobility." Alexius was already wary of the armies about to arrive, after the unruly mob led by Peter the Hermit had passed through earlier in the year. Alexius kept Hugh in custody in a monastery until Hugh swore an oath of vassalage to him.
After the Crusaders had successfully made their way across Seljuk territory and, in 1098, captured Antioch, Hugh was sent back to Constantinople to appeal for reinforcements from Alexius. Alexius was uninterested, however, and Hugh, instead of returning to Antioch to help plan the siege of Jerusalem, went back to France. There he was scorned for not having fulfilled his vow as a Crusader to complete a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and Pope Paschal II threatened to excommunicate him. He joined the minor Crusade of 1101, but was wounded in battle with the Turks at Heraclea in June, and died of his wounds in October in Tarsus.
More at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_of_Vermandois
Countess of Huntingdon and Northumberland
m1: Simon de Saint Liz Earl of Huntingdon
Maud, 2nd Countess of Huntingdon (1074-1130) was the daughter of Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria and Judith of Lens, the last of the major Anglo-Saxon earls to remain powerful after the Norman conquest in 1066. She inherited her father's earldom of Huntingdon and married twice.
Her mother, Judith, refused to marry Simon I of St Liz, 1st Earl of Northampton. This refusal angered her uncle, King William I of England, who confiscated Judith's estates after she fled the country. Instead her daughter Maud was married to Simon of St Liz in 1090. She had a number of children with St Liz including:
Maud of St Liz, married Robert FitzRichard and Saer de Quincy.
Simon II de St Liz, 4th Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton.
Saint Walteof de St Liz (1100 – bt 1159 - 1160).
Her first husband died in 1109 and Maud next married King David I of Scotland in 1113. From this marriage she had one son, Henry.
The Scottish House of Dunkeld produced the remaining Earls of Huntingdon of the first creation of the title. She was succeeded to the Earldom of Huntingdon by her son Henry.
According to John of Fordun, she died in 1130 and was buried at Scone, but she appears in a charter dated 1147
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maud%2C_2nd_Countess_of_Huntingdon
Sister of Edgar Atherling, grand niece of Edward the Confessor. A masterful and remarkable woman whose Anglicizing influence on Scottish culture, on national liife and the native church was profound. Named Saint Margaret. Source 50
Some authorities say that she is the daughter of Ludolph, Margrave of West Friesland and Gertrude von Stade (RN=28199).
Paget says she is daughter of Bruno, Bishop of Augsburg, brother of Emperor Henry II.
McBride states she is the daughter of of Stephen I of Hungary St. King of Hungary (the son of Geza Grand Prince of Hungary and Sarolta of Transylvania) and Gisela of Bavaria (the daughter of Henry II, the Wrangler Duke of Bavaria and Gisela of Burgundy)
Edward may have taken his family to Hungary in exile, where Margaret was born. When Edward dies, Agatha returned to England, but the ship was driven to Scotland in a storm. There Malcolm chose Margaret for his wife, which was delayed by Margaret's choice to enter religion. She founded several churches including Abbey of Dunfermline. In 1250 Margaret was canonized by Innocent IV, and her relics were translated on 19 June, 1259, to a new shrine, the base of which is still visible beyond the modern east wall of the restored church. At the Reformation her head (???) passed into the possession of Mary Queen of Scots, and later was secured by the Jesuits at Douai, where it is believed to have perished during the French Revolution.
~~~~~Saint Margaret (c. 1045 – 16 November 1093), was the sister of Edgar Ætheling, the heir to the Anglo-Saxon Throne of England. She married Malcolm III, King of Scots, becoming his Queen consort.
The daughter of the English prince Edward the Exile or "Edward Outremer", son of Edmund Ironside, Margaret was probably born in Hungary. The provenance of her mother Agatha is disputed: certainly related to the kings of Hungary, she was either a descendant of Emperor Henry III or a daughter of Yaroslav I of Kiev.
When her uncle, Edward the Confessor, the French-speaking Anglo-Saxon King of England, died in 1066, she was living in England where her brother, Edgar Ætheling, had decided to make a claim to the vacant throne. After the conquest of the Kingdom of England by the Normans, the traditional story has it, however much it may be doubted, that the widowed Agatha decided to leave Northumberland with her children and return to the Continent, but a storm drove their ship to Scotland where they sought the protection of King Malcolm III. The spot where she is said to have landed is known today as St Margaret's Hope, near the village of North Queensferry. Malcolm was probably a widower, and was no doubt attracted by the prospect of marrying the one of the few remaining members of the Anglo-Saxon royal family. The marriage of Malcolm and Margaret soon took place and was followed by several invasions of Northumberland by the Scottish king, probably in support of the claims of his brother-in-law Edgar. These, however, had little result beyond the devastation of the province.
Her husband, Malcolm, and their eldest son, Edward, were killed in siege against the English at Alnwick Castle on 13 November 1093. Her son Edmund was left with the task of telling his mother of their deaths. Margaret was ill, and she died on 16 November 1093, three days after the deaths her husband and her eldest son.
Margaret was canonised in 1251 by Pope Innocent IV on account of her great benefactions to the Church. The Roman Catholic church formerly marked the feast of Saint Margaret of Scotland on 10 June, but the date was transferred to 16 November in the liturgical reform of 1972. Queen Margaret University College, founded in 1875, is named after her.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Margaret_of_Scotland
Knighted as Knight of the Order of the Bath. (Bingham per obsolete email address)
Second wife was Millicent de Beckeryng who was also the mother of Elizabeth De Bourdon who was this John Markham's daughter in law.
Records differ here. LDS Church has the line continuing as: father John married to Joan Bothumsell (father Nicholas), then Robert, then John, then John and finally Alexander born about 1186 in West Markham, Nottinghamshire, England.
First Queen of England
1109 Matilda betrothed to Henry V, 8 years old
1114 January 7th Married to Henry V, Emperor of Germany. He was 32, she was
12
1125 Matilda became a widow, Henry recalled to his court
1127 May 22 married Geoffrey Plantagenet at Le Mans, Sarthe, France
. She was 24, he was 14
1135 Her father Henry died, the Witan would not accept her but the
archbishop promised Matilda her son, Henry II, would rule.
1135 Her cousin Stephen managed
to take the throne and England was divided in civil war. Her half brother,
Robert of Glouchester was her
biggest supporter.
1139 Robert and Matilda arrived on the south coast of England and found refuge
in Arundel with Adeliza, Henry's second wife, who married
William d' Aubigney.
Henry's sons Reginald and the other Robert of Gloucester got involved, supporting
Matilda against Stephen.
1141 Feb 2 Stephen defeated and captured. at the battle of Lincoln.
Matilda moved to London to become queen over the pwerful Stephen de Blois,
brother to Stephen. She used title Empress , not queen.
She became unpopular due to her arrogant manner, driven out of London to
Oxford and never crowned.
1141 Nov 1st Robert was captured and Matilda exchanged Robert for Stephen.
Stephen recrowned King on Christmas Day.
1142 Matilda sent Robert to Anjou to ask her husband to come help,
but he refused to come until he had conquered Normandy.
Stephen went after Matilda at Oxford, she escaped at night to Abingdon by
a rope in a wondow, dressed in white against the snow.
Geoffrey of Monmouth was at residence at Oxford at the time. His recently
finished book "History of Kings of Britain" was dedicated to Robert of
Gloucester.
???? Robert defeated Stephen at Wilton
1144 Geoffrey took Normandy, becoming the Duke of Normandy.
1145 Robert's son, Philip swore allegiance to Stephen
1147 Robert of Gloucester died
1148 Matilda left England for Normandy, never to return.
1151 Geoffrey died, Henry II Curtmantle became Duke of Normandy
1152 Stephen declared his son king but it was not recognized by the church,
broken down from loss of wife and years of war.
1153 Henry II to England to take the throne, Stephen's son, Eustace died.
1153 August Stephen signed Treaty of Wallingford with Henry II who was to
be heir and king.
1154 Stephen died Oct 25 in Dover of appendicitis and
Henry II Curtmantle was crowned Dec 19 at
Westminster Abbey, first Angevin king
Magna Charta Baron, Sheriff of Worcestershire, Justiciar
Ruled circa 549 to 580's
Probably in late twenties when his father died of the plague
Elidyr, ruler of Rheged (now Lancaster) and Isle of Man who had married Rhun's
sister lay claim to Gywnedd and island of Anglesey, attempted take over and
was killed by Rhun.
Elidyr's cousins trapped between Rhun and Brune of the Picts, sacked Arfon
(now Caernarvon) on mainland, Rhun retaliated marching greatest force since
Arthur unopposed up Wales through Rheged across Pennines to York (considered
ruler in Wales, north Britain up to Pict territory) but could not rule all
for lack of manpower. Made peace with Peredur of York by marrying his daughter
Perwyr, returned to Gywnedd. The expedition took over a year and passed into
Welsh legend.
Succeeded by Beli Rhun, either his son or nephew who had quiet insignificant
reign circa 580-599
Sources:
Mike Ashley's "British Kings & Queens"
Rhun ap Maelgwn (c.492-c.586, reigned from c.549) (Latin: Rugenus, English: Run), also known as Rhun Hir ('the Tall') was a king of Gwynedd.
Ascending to the throne of what was then the most powerful kingdom of Britain in his twenties upon the death of his father, Maelgwn Hir ap Cadwallon, from plague, Rhun soon found himself embroiled in a dynastic dispute with Elidyr Mwynfawr, a Northern Brythonic prince from the line of Strathclyde. Elidyr had married Rhun's sister, and as a result believed himself to be the proper heir to the throne of Gwynedd. Elidyr's attempted invasion of Gwynedd, proved unsuccessful, and Elidyr himself was killed in the attempt. Elidyr's cousins, Rhydderch Hael of Strathclyde and Clydno Eiten of Edinburgh, however, remained bitter rivals of Rhun and later raided and sacked Arfon (the area around Caernarfon). Raising an army from all over northern Wales, Rhun retaliated, supposedly marching unopposed through Northern Briton to the River Forth where they stayed many years. John Morris associates this invasion with the succession of Rhun's half-brother, Brude, to the throne of the Picts. Rhun reigned for another two decades, but little else is heard of him.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhun_Hir_ap_Maelgwn
Supported Pope Boniface's mission in Germany
715 Escaped from prison and took leadership of Austrasia
716 Defeated by Ratbod, Frisian duke near Cologne
716 Conquered the Neustrians at Amblève near Malmédy
717 Mar 21 Defeated Neustrians a second time at Vincy near Cambrai
718 Retailiated against the Saxons
719 Ratbod died, Charles took western Friesland
Returned to Cologne, convinced Plectrude (his father's other wife) she should
return his father's legacy to him. Proclaimed the Merovingian Clotaire IV
King of Austrasia, reserving for himself the title of Mayor of the Palace
Charles defeated Neustrians teamed up with the Aquitanes at Soissons
719 Clotaire IV died (Lothair)
720 Chilperic II died, Charles appointed Dagobert III's son, Thierry IV
(Theodoric IV) to rule.
Charles led another attack against the Saxons which consolidated the kingdom
of the Franks back to as it was under Pepin of Herstal.
725 Charles went into Bavaria, bringing back Princess Suanehilde as his mistress
725 Duke Eudes of France allied with Saracen Moslems with the hand of his
daughteras he could not resist their making their way into Burgundy.
730 Attacked Lantfrid, Duke of the Alemanna, gaining southern Germany
731 Charles defeated Duke Eudes
732 Abd-er-Rahman, Saracen Governor of Spain defeated Eudes, got as far as
the Loire. Came from the Pyrenees.
732 Oct - Great victory in Tours called Battle of Poitiers, stopped the Saracen
Moslem advance under Abd-er-Rahman who was slain. the battle lasted seven
days, six days of skirmishes and a major battle the last day. The Saracens
retreated to Pyrenees in 759. Charles Martel got his name "The Hammerer"
and the battle is known for the decisive outcome of Christianity vs Isalmic
control in Europe.
733 Charles subdued Frieslands
735 Eudes died, Charles to Aquitane, left the duchy to Hunold, to be held
in fief
736 Banished the Moslems from Arles and Avignon, defeated their army on the
River Berre near Narbonne
737 King Thierry died, Charles assumed full power without legal right
739 Stopping uprising under the leadership of Maurontus in Provence
Pope Gregory III, threatened by Luitprand, King of Lombardy, asked for Charles'
help, offering the title of Consul in return. Charles was allies with
Luitprand who helped with the war against the Moslems , some reports
say he ignored the request, others say he agreed to support the church but
his death prevented his doing so.
Charles had given lands belonging to the church to his partisans, an act
that was later pardoned to a certain extent by the amnesty granted at the
Council of Lestines, held under the sons of Charles Martel in 743.
Divided his lands between his sons:
Carloman received Austrasia and German duchies
Pepin received Neustria and Burgundy
Charles Martel (or, in modern English, Charles the Hammer) (23 August 686 – 22 October 741) was the Mayor of the Palace and duke of the Franks. (Whatever the titles, he ruled the Frankish Realms.) He expanded his rule over all three of the Frankish kingdoms: Austrasia, Neustria and Burgundy. Martel was born in Herstal, in what is now Wallonia, Belgium, the illegitimate son of Pippin the Middle and his concubine Alpaida (or Chalpaida)
More at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Martel
A semi-legendary king who, again, has received so much attention and fame that it becomes impossible to separate fact from fiction.
Beli is the name of the Celtic god of sun and light. Mawr means high ruler. One of his son is listed as Lud, Llefeys and Cadwallon, making the time frame of Beli's life in the 100's during the Roman invasion.
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Succeeded his brother, Rhain II. Very little information about his reign except he experienced increasing Viking raids. Succeeded by his nephew, Tryffin.
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Almodis and Hugh of Lusignan divorced due to consanguinity, and Hugh arranged for her to marry Count Pons of Toulouse in 1040. She was still Pons' wife in April 1053, but shortly thereafter Almodis was abducted by Ramon Berenguer I, Count of Barcelona. He kidnapped her from Narbonne with the aid of a fleet sent north by his ally, the Muslim emir of Tortosa. They married immediately (despite the fact both of her previous husbands were still alive) and they appear with their twin sons in a charter the next year. Pope Victor II excommunicated Almodis and Ramon for this illegal marriage until 1056.
Almodis maintained contact with her former husbands and many children, and in 1066/1067 she traveled to Toulouse for her daughter's wedding. A few years before, in 1060, Hugh V of Lusignan had revolted against his lord, Duke William VIII of Aquitaine, in support of Almodis' son William IV of Toulouse. Her sons supported one another in military campaigns; Hugh VI of Lusignan, Raymond IV of Toulouse, and Berenguer Ramon all took the Cross.
Her third husband Ramon had a son from a previous marriage, Pedro Ramon, who was his heir. Pedro apparently resented Almodis' influence and was concerned she was trying to replace him with her own two sons. He murdered her in October 1071. Pedro was disinherited and exiled for his crime, and fled the country. When his father died in 1076, Barcelona was split between Berenguer Ramon and Ramon Berenguer, Almodis' sons. The family history of murder did not end with Pedro Ramon, as Berenguer Ramon earned his nickname "The Fratricide" when he killed his own twin brother.
She was still Pons' wife in April 1053, but shortly thereafter Almodis was abducted by Ramon Berenguer I, Count of Barcelona. He kidnapped her from Narbonne with the aid of a fleet sent north by his ally, the Muslim emir of Tortosa. They married immediately (despite the fact both of her previous husbands were still alive) and they appear with their twin sons in a charter the next year. Pope Victor II excommunicated Almodis and Ramon for this illegal marriage until 1056. Together they produced four children
John Marshall, William's father, supported King Stephen, then changed sides to support Stephen's wife Mathilda during the Civil War in 1139. When King Stephen beseiged Newbury Castle in 1152, Stephen used John's son, William Marshall, as a hostage. Stephen ordered John to surrender the castle or he would hang five year old William in front of the castle. John's reply was, " I still have the hammer and the anvil with which to forge still more and better sons!" What a meanie! Stephen did not have the heart to hang William, thank goodness.
His father was a lesser nobleman, so William had no inheritance. He was brought up by his mother's cousin, William de Tancarville in Normandy. Knighted in 1166 during invasion in Upper Normandy, found his calling in tournaments, served in the household of his mother's brother, Patrick de Evereaux, Earl of Salisbury.
In 1168, Patrick was killed in an ambush by Guy Lusignan, Hugh IX Lusignan, William was injured and captured.
It is known that William received a wound to his thigh and that someone in his captor's household took pity on the young knight. He received a loaf of bread in which were concealed several lengths of clean linen bandages with which he could dress his wounds. This act of kindness by an unknown person perhaps saved Marshall's life as infection setting into the wound could surely have killed him. After a period of time, he was ransomed by Eleanor of Aquitaine, who was apparently impressed by tales of his bravery. Thereafter he found he could make a good living out of winning tournaments. His record is legendary: on his deathbed he recalled besting 500 knights during his tourneying career.
In 1170, he was appointed to the service of Eleanor's household, and became he son, Henry's, constant companion. By 1179, when Phillip II of France was crowned, William had enough wealth to raise his owner banner over his company of knights. Jealousy from other knights led to rumors William visited the queen, William got fed up and left the court to support Henry's cousin and rival, Phillip of Flanders. However, he returned to Henry during another of his rebelllions against his father was was with Henry when he died of dysentery in France, 1183. William undertook to complete the crusade vow his dead master had made, and took his cloak stitched with the cross to Jerusalem, with the approval of the bereaved father, Henry II. Upon his return, he remained with the Plantagenet household.
One great story is that William is the only man to unhorse Richard the Lionhearted during a skirmish with Henry against Richard, William had the opportunity to kill Richard, and chose to kill his horse instead.
In August 1189, as now dead King Henry has promised William aged 43 married Isabel de Clare, aged 17. William finally obtained the title Earl of Pembroke (Pembroke Castle and Chepstow Castle) in 1199, but the marriage made an admired knight into on the richest men in the kingdom.
When Richard departed for the Crusades, William stood with John, but soon discovered John's goals were not as honorable as first thought and William joined the loyalists that waged war upon John. William's brother, John Marshall, was killed defending Marlborough Castle for Richard, who gave William all of John Marshall's holdings. William returned to John's side by his death, vowing to John to uphold John's nine year old son, Henry, to the throne as regent of the kingdom.
William health failed in 1219, as he summonded his son William and his household knights, left the Tower of London (where he lived?) for his Caversham estae near Reading to call a meeting of the barons to entrust the care of Henry to the papal legate, Pandulf Masca. For his vow during the crusades, William was invested into the order of the Knights Templar on his deathbed.
Family Curse and end of the Marshall Family: During the civil wars in Ireland, William had taken two manors that the Bishop of Ferns claimed but could not get back. Some years after William's death, that bishop is said to have laid a curse on the family that William's sons would have no children, and the great Marshal estates would be scattered. Each of William's sons did become earl of Pembroke and marshal of England, and each died without issue. William's vast holdings were then divided among the husbands of his five daughters. The title of "Marshal" went to the husband of the oldest daughter, Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk, and later passed to the Mowbray dukes of Norfolk and then to the Howard dukes of Norfolk, becoming "Earl Marshal" along the way. The title of "Earl of Pembroke" passed to William of Valence, the husband of Joan Marshal's daughter, Joan de Munchensi; he became the first of the de Valence line of earls of Pembroke. From wikipedia
William Marshall and Isabel deClare spent their honeymoon in the village of Stoke D'Arbernon in Surrey.
Circa 1084 he received the village of Winlanton (now in Tyne and Wear) from the Bishop of Durham in exchange for part of the village of Newton Katton. In 1084 he received Winlaton from Bishop of Durham.